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Auctions can differ in the number of participants: Other auctions: Other auction types also exist such as Simultaneous Ascending Auction,[34] Anglo-Dutch auction,[35] Private value auction,[36] Common value auction Online auction tools Chinese auction Each type of auction has its specific qualities such as pricing accuracy and time required for preparing and conducting the auction. The number of simultaneous bidders is of critical importance. Open bidding during an extended period of time with many bidders will result in a final bid that is very close to the true market value. Where there are few bidders and each bidder is allowed only one bid, time is saved, but the winning bid may not reflect the true market value with any degree of accuracy. Of special interest and importance during the actual auction is the time elapsed from the moment that the first bid is revealed to the moment that the final (winning) bid has become a binding agreement.

In some parts of England during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries auction by candle was used for the sale of goods and leaseholds. This auction began by lighting a candle after which bids were offered in ascending order until the candle spluttered out. The high bid at the time the candle extinguished itself won the auction.[10] Lot Estate sale Types of auction Primary types of auction There will usually an estimate of what price the lot will fetch. In an ascending open auction it is considered important to get at least a 50-percent increase in the bids from start to finish. To accomplish this, the auctioneer must start the auction by announcing a suggested opening bid (SOB) that is low enough to be immediately accepted by one of the bidders. Once there is an opening bid, there will quickly be several other, higher bids submitted. Experienced auctioneers will often select an SOB that is about 45 percent of the (lowest) estimate. Thus there is a certain margin of safety to ensure that there will indeed be a lively auction with many bids submitted. Several observations indicate that the lower the SOB, the higher the final winning bid. This is due to the increase in the number of bidders attracted by the low SOB. When 50 bidders compete, the winning bid will be about twice as high as when only two bidders compete. Sometimes with an English auction there will be more than 50 bidders. Buyout auction is an auction with a set price (the 'buyout' price) that any bidder can accept at any time during the auction, thereby immediately ending the auction and winning the item.[21] If no bidder chooses to utilize the buyout option before the end of bidding the highest bidder wins and pays their bid.[21] Buyout options can be either temporary or permanent.[21] In a temporary-buyout auction the option to buy out the auction is not available after the first bid is placed.[21] In a permanent-buyout auction the buyout option remains available throughout the entire auction until the close of bidding.[21] The buyout price can either remain the same throughout the entire auction, or vary throughout according to rules or simply at the whim of the seller.[21] Secondary types of auctionAll-pay auction is an auction in which all bidders must pay their bids regardless of whether they win. The highest bidder wins the item. All-pay auctions are primarily of academic interest, and may be used to model lobbying/bribery (bids are political contributions) or competitions such as a running race.[19] Vendor bid

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Generalized second-price auction Auction Network 2.2 Secondary types of auction 2.1 Primary types of auction Smith, Charles W. (1990), Auctions: Social Construction of Value, University of California Press, ISBN 0-520-07201-4 Demand auction Lot History of the auction Online auction business model

Game theory In a demand auction, n buyers bid for a good being sold The oldest auction house in the world is Stockholm Auction House (Stockholms Auktionsverk). It was established in Sweden in 1674.[11][12] Fish auction in Honolulu, HawaiiEnglish auction, also known as an open ascending price auction. This type of auction is arguably the most common form of auction in use today.[4] Participants bid openly against one another, with each subsequent bid higher than the previous bid.[14] An auctioneer may announce prices, bidders may call out their bids themselves (or have a proxy call out a bid on their behalf), or bids may be submitted electronically with the highest current bid publicly displayed.[14] In some cases a maximum bid might be left with the auctioneer, who may bid on behalf of the bidder according to the bidder's instructions.[14] The auction ends when no participant is willing to bid further, at which point the highest bidder pays their bid.[14] Alternatively, if the seller has set a minimum sale price in advance (the 'reserve' price) and the final bid does not reach that price the item remains unsold.[14] Sometimes the auctioneer sets a minimum amount by which the next bid must exceed the current highest bid.[14] The most significant distinguishing factor of this auction type is that the current highest bid is always available to potential bidders.[14] The English auction is commonly used for selling goods, most prominently antiques and artwork,[14] but also secondhand goods and real estate. At least two bidders are required. Tendering Private electronic markets using combinatorial auction techniques to continuously sell commodities (coal, iron ore, grain, water...) to a pre-qualified group of buyers (based on price and non-price factors) Bid shadingBid shading is placing a bid which is below the bidder's actual value for the item. Such a strategy risks losing the auction, but has the possibility of winning at a low price. Bid shading can also be a strategy to avoid the Winner's curse.